Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Agents

PROSTAM

Tamsulosin is a selective antagonist at alpha-1A and alpha-1B-adrenoceptors in the prostate, prostatic capsule, prostatic urethra, and bladder neck. At least three discrete alpha1-adrenoceptor subtypes have been identified: alpha-1A, alpha-1B and alpha-1D; their distribution differs between human organs and tissue. Approximately 70% of the alpha1-receptors in human prostate are of the alpha-1A subtype. Blockage of these receptors causes relaxation of smooth muscles in the bladder neck and prostate.

General Info

Generic Name:	Tamsulosin HCl
Therapeutic Category:	Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Agents/Urinary Tract Antispasmodic
Pharmacological Class:	Alpha-Adrenergic Blocker
Composition:	Each capsule contains Tamsulosin HCl USP 0.4 mg (As controlled release tablets)
Pregnancy Category:	X
Presentation:	Available in the pack size as 10 tablets X 10 blisters
Mechanism of Action:	Tamsulosin HCl which is alpha-1 adrenoreceptor blockers, selectively blocks alpha 1A -adrenergic receptors causing relaxation of prostate smooth muscle resulting in an increase in urinary flow rate and a reduction in symptoms of benign prostatic hypertrophy.
Indications:	Treatment of the signs and symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Adjunct treatment of Acute Urinary Retention (AUR): the inability to voluntarily pass urine, Bladder Outlet Obstruction (BOO): blockage at the base of the bladder. Expulsion of ureteral stones up to 5mm.
Dosage:	Route of administration: Oral Initial Dose: 0.4 mg orally once a day Maximum Dose: 0.8 mg orally once a day Administered on an empty stomach approximately before one-half hour following the same meal each day.
Pharmacokinetics:	Absorption: Essentially complete (>90%) following oral administration under fasting conditions. Protein binding: Approximately 94%-99% Metabolism: Hepatic Route of elimination: Renal Half-life: 5-7 hours
Adverse Effects:	Postural Hypotension* Priapism* Immunologic: Higher risk of allergic reaction in those with sulfa allergies Ophthalmologic: Patients taking tamsulosin are prone to a complication known as floppy iris syndrome* during cataract surgery
Contraindications:	PROSTAM is contraindicated in the following populations and situations: Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome- Patients considering cataract surgery should be advised to tell their ophthalmologist Severe Hypotension
Drug Interactions:	Enhance hypotensive effect of tamsulosin when given with antihypertensive drugs (e.g ACE inhibitors, B-Blockers, Ca channel blocker etc), adrenergic neurone blocker, alcohol, alpha blockers, Angiotensin-II receptor antagonist, antipsychotic, anxiolytic and hypnotic drugs.
Terminologies:	Postural hypotension: Also known as orthostatic hypotension is a form of low blood pressure that happens when you stand up from sitting or lying down. It can make you feel dizzy or lightheaded, and maybe even faint. Priapism: persistent and painful erection of the penis. Floppy iris syndrome: This syndrome is characterized by a flaccid iris which billows in response to ordinary intraocular fluid current

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